Přednášky dr. Andrzeje Ćwieka v Praze

Český egyptologický ústav FF UK uspořádá během května 2018 sérii několika přednášek významného zahraničního odborníka na egyptskou archeologii, královskou ideologii a ikonografii doby Staré a Nové říše Dr. Andrzeje Ćwieka z Univerzity Adama Mickiewicze a Archeologického muzea v Poznani. Přednášky budou přeneseny v angličtině v místnosti 419 (Český egyptologický ústav FF UK, Celetná 20, Praha 1) a uskuteční se v následujících termínech:

 

  • 9. května     –   14:10-15:40 Pyramid Lepsius no. I at Abu Rawash: A Reconsideration
  • 9. května     –   15:50-17:20 At the Right Hand of the King. Polish Archaeological Mission at Sheikh Abd el-Qurna
  • 14. května   –   14:10-15:40 Lord of Maat in the Old Kingdom
  • 16. května   –   14:10-15:40 Step Pyramid Complex: A Dynamic Interpretation
  • 16. května –     15:50-17:20 Afterlife of the Step Pyramid Complex
  • 18. května   –   14:10-15:40 Enigma of the Pyramid Architecture: Function of the ‘Serdab’

 

Abstrakty k přednáškám:

Pyramid Lepsius no. I at Abu Rawash: A Reconsideration

The ‘brick’ pyramid at Abu Rawash, identified in 1842 by Lepsius and surveyed by Nabil Swelim in the 1980s, is still the matter of controversy. Its date, attribution, original form and function are disputable… though rarely disputed. It seems that one may draw some conclusions at this stage of research and suggest the directions for the future.

 

At the Right Hand of the King – Polish Archaeological Mission at Sheikh Abd el-Qurna

Polish Archaeological Mission has recently been working at the area of two Middle Kingdom tombs on a small hill behind Sheikh Abd el-Qurna at Western Thebes. These tombs are enormous rock-cut structures, including shafts twenty-six and nineteen meters deep. They were intended for the highest officials of the king who planned his burial in the nearby valley in the enigmatic TT 281. Excavations, as well as analysis of the wider topographical context, may shed light on the history of the late Eleventh and early Twelfth Dynasty.

 

Lord of Maat in the Old Kingdom

A relief on the lintel in Unis’ mortuary temple represented a god labelled with the title nb mAat. He was wrongly identified as Ptah, while it is undoubtedly Ra. This identification is a starting point of the survey of the origins, meaning and attribution of this title in the Old Kingdom. The discussion of the evidence concerns the relations of the king and the sun god, and the issue of the ‘Great God’.

 

Step Pyramid Complex: A Dynamic Interpretation

The mortuary complex of Netjerykhet is mostly described as an accumulation of various constructions of either functional or ‘symbolic’ character, grouped into structural parts separated from each other. It seems that erroneous reconstruction of the plan in two crucial places prevented a proper identification of magical and ritual paths joining various parts of the complex. A comparison to later, ‘classical’ pyramid complexes reveals much more similarity than usually assumed. A ‘dynamic’ interpretation includes the form of the Step Pyramid, which in its final stage is a six-stepped construction. While at first glance this number is difficult to explain, in fact it is perfectly logical. Parallels of similar schemes from other periods may be drawn, which confirms the supposed idea of climbing to heaven.

 

Afterlife of the Step Pyramid Complex

The Step Pyramid complex of Netjerykhet, while securing the afterlife of the king, had its own afterlife. Through millennia it was the centre of Saqqara necropolis, and a template for later monuments. The pyramid, the Dry Moat and other elements of the complex inspired the ideas of the netherworld topography and architecture to which references can be found in the Pyramid Texts, Coffin Texts, Amduat and depictions of  Feast of Sokaris. Fourteen dummy gates in the temenos wall were the first attestation of the idea of fourteen kas of the king, in later times expressed explicitly in texts and iconography, and influencing the importance of the number fourteen, attested a.o. in the manifestations of Ra, mounds in the netherworld, tombs of Osiris and many other occurrences.

 

Enigma of the Pyramid Architecture: Function of the ‘Serdab’

The so-called ‘serdab’, a tripartite annex to the Antechamber with a flat ceiling and no texts on the walls, is still an enigma of the pyramid architecture. Its presumable function was discussed by Mark Lehner, Bernard Mathieu, James P. Allen and M. Verner, among others, with no definite conclusions. A re-assessment of the evidence and analysis of a wider context result in some clarification of the issue.

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