Central Abusir (Royal)

Structure of the entry

ID (former ID)

Excavation: year/s of the excavation

Description of the structure: concise description of the structure.

Selected bibliography:

 

List of structures

 

AC 1

Excavation: German mission 1907–1908, Egyptian mission 2004, 2012, 2013 – up to now

Description of the structure: Pyramid complex of Sahure, Fifth Dynasty; secondary structures from the Greco-Roman Period to the north-east of the mortuary temple.

Selected bibliography: Borchardt 1910; Borchardt 1913; El Awady 2009; Khaled 2008.

 

AC 2

Excavation: German mission 1900, 1903, 1904, 1907

Description of the structure: Pyramid complex of Neferirkare, priests’ settlement in the mortuary temple which was partially built of mud bricks, pyramid probably unfinished, the valley temple is missing, unfinished causeway re-used during the construction of the Nyuserre causeway, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Borchardt 1909; Posener-Kriéger – Cenival 1968; Posener-Kriéger 1976; Kawae et al. 2016.

 

AC 3 (I)

Excavation: 1980–2000

Description of the structure: Mortuary complex with the unfinished pyramid of King Raneferef. Mortuary temple was built in mud bricks in its larger part, only the westernmost part built of limestone, during the development, the Sanctuary of the Knife, the ritual slaughterhouse was incorporated into the complex, priests’ settlement in the columned courtyard, Fifth Dynasty, secondary burials from the Middle Kingdom and the First Millennium BC.

Selected bibliography: Landgráfová 2006; Posener-Kriéger et al. 2006; Verner 2006; Vlčková 2006; Verner 2017; Jeřábek 2018; Verner 2019j; Verner 2019f; Verner 2019b; Verner 2019h; Verner 2019c; Verner 2019d; Vymazalová 2019a; Vymazalová 2019d; Vymazalová 2019h.

 

AC 4

Excavation: German mission 1902–1904; CIE 2019 (valley temple)

Description of the structure: Pyramid complex of king Nyuserre, due to an already existing building, its mortuary temple was built with a non-standard ground plan in the form of letter “L”, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Borchardt 1907.

 

AC 5

Excavation: German mission 1902

Description of the structure: Limestone mastaba of overseer of all king’s works Userkafankh, cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Borchardt 1907: 109–116.

 

AC 6

Excavation: German mission 1903

Description of the structure: Anonymous limestone mastaba, cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Borchardt 1907: 116–117.

 

AC 7

Excavation: German mission 1902

Description of the structure: Limestone mastaba of Keeper of secrets of the Morning House Djadjaemankh, cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Borchardt 1907: 116–126.

 

AC 8 (P)

Excavation: Egyptian Antiquities Service (Jacques de Morgan) 1893; CIE (Žába and Váhala) 1960–1974

Description of the structure: Large limestone mastaba of Vizier Ptahshepses with extraordinary features of architecture, cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, Fifth Dynasty; secondary burials from the First Millenium BC.

Selected bibliography: Morgan 1894; Patočková 1998; Verner 1976; Verner 1986; Verner 1992; ; Strouhal – Bareš 1993; Vachala 2004; Krejčí 2009; Nováková 2017; Krejčí 2019j; Krejčí 2019i; Verner 2019a.

 

AC 9

Excavation: Egyptian Antiquities Service (Mohamed Soghir), early 1970s

Description of the structure: Limestone mastaba of overseer of Upper Egypt Ptahshepses Junior II, cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Bárta 2000.

 

AC 10

Excavation:  German mission 1903

Description of the structure: Conjoined limestone tomb of Princesses Khamerernebty (unused) and Meretites, Prince Kahotep and an anonymous princess, usage of mud bricks, cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Borchardt 1907: 126–134.

 

AC 11

Excavation: 1974

Description of the structure: A small mud brick double mastaba unearthed to the south-west of the Ptahshepses’ mastaba and covered by pavement around Djadjaemankh’s tomb, cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, end Sixth Dynasty – beginning of the First Intermediate Period.

Selected bibliography: Verner 1976: 33–34.

 

AC 12

Excavation: unexcavated.

Description of the structure: Not excavated monument built on the edge of the Libyan Desert terrace, probably wrongly listed by Lepsius among pyramids, perhaphs a mastaba, cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, Fifth Dynasty?

Selected bibliography: Perring 1842: 20–22; Lepsius 1897: 134; Bárta 2000: 64–65.

 

AC 13

Excavation: German mission 1902–1903

Description of the structure: Secondary burials in the area to the north from the Nyuserre’s mortuary temple, in the terrace below the eastern part of the mortuary temple and in the area of the tombs in the cemetery to the east of the Nyuserre’s pyramid, Middle Kingdom and Greco-Roman Period.

Selected bibliography: Schäfer 1908; Kampp-Seyfried 2006.

 

AC 14 (A)

Excavation: 1978–1981

Description of the structure: Pyramid complex of Khentkaus II, located to the south of the Neferirkare pyramid and to the north-east of Raneferef’s mortuary temple, pyramid and western part of the mortuary temple from limestone, eastern part of the temple from mud brick, cult pyramid, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Verner et al. 1995; Krejčí 2019b; Verner 2019e; Vymazalová 2019e.

 

AC 15 (B)

Excavation: 1976

Description of the structure: Limestone mastaba of princess Khekeretnebty, later added chapel and burial apartment of her daughter Tisethor, Djedkare’s cemetery, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Strouhal et al. 1986; Verner – Callender 2002: 13–54; Jirásková 2019a; Krejčí 2019f; Verner 2019k; Wollnerová 2019.

 

AC 16 (C)

Excavation: 1978

Description of the structure: Limestone mastaba of Prince Neserkauhor, Djedkare’s cemetery, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Verner – Callender 2002: 55–62.

 

AC 17 (D)

Excavation: 1978

Description of the structure: Limestone mastaba of scribe Faaf (good name Idu) and his spouse Khenit, Djedkare’s cemetery, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Verner – Callender 2002: 63–70; Verner 2019g.

 

AC 18 (E)

Excavation: 1978

Description of the structure: Limestone tomb of director of the royal palace ah Mernefu, Djedkare’s cemetery, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Verner – Callender 2002: 71–76.

 

AC 15a (F)

Excavation: 1976

Description of the structure: Courtyard in front of Khekeretnebty’s mastaba, Djedkare’s cemetery, Fifth Dynasty. The cultic space was connected to the cult of the Princess Khekeretnebty.

Selected bibliography: Verner – Callender 2002: 77–84.

 

AC 19 (K)

Excavation: 1987

Description of the structure: Limestone mastaba of Princess Hedjetnebu, Djedkare’s cemetery, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Verner – Callender 2002: 85–98; Verner 2019i.

 

AC 20 (L)

Excavation: 1987

Description of the structure: Anonymous mastaba built of limestone, Djedkare’s cemetery, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Verner – Callender 2002: 99–104.

 

AC 22 (J)

Excavation: 1987, 1994

Description of the structure: Pyramid complex of a queen, it was built to the south of the pyramid complex of Khentkaus II and to the east of Raneferef’s mortuary temple, cult pyramid, there is a possibility that it belonged to Queen Reputnub, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí et al. 2008: 69–150; Krejčí 2019a.

 

AC 23 (M)

Excavation: 1987

Description of the structure: Limestone mastaba of courtier Nebtyemneferes, located to the south-east of AC 22 and north-east of AC 24.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí et al. 2008: 21–36.

 

AC 24 (N)

Excavation: 2001–2004

Description of the structure: An extraordinary double tomb Lepsius no. 25, located to the south of AC 22. Larger eastern mastaba was added by a smaller western tomb, cult chapel was located in the eastern tomb, in which Princess Hanebu was probably interred, in western tomb, her female relative was probably buried. Limestone tombs with core masonry of mediocre quality with large-scaled usage of pottery, Fifth Dynasty; secondary burials from the First Millennium BC.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí et al. 2008: 151–234.

 

AC 25 (Q)

Excavation: 1994

Description of the structure: The northernmost tomb in the Nakhtsare’s cemetery, it belonged to prince Nakhtsare, Fifth Dynasty, limestone tomb with core masonry of mediocre quality with large-scaled usage of pottery, in front of the tomb, there are low mud-brick walls, Fifth Dynasty, secondary burials from the First Millenium BC.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí 2008; Krejčí 2019d.

 

AC 26 (T)

Excavation: 2006, 2008, 2009

Description of the structure: Tomb located to the south-east from the pyramid complex of Khenktaus II. The mastaba belonged to prince Werkaure, limestone tomb with core masonry of mediocre quality, Fifth Dynasty, secondary burials from the First Millenium BC.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí 2011a; Krejčí et al. 2014; Krejčí 2019c; Krejčí 2019k; Peterková Hlouchová 2019.

 

AC 27

Excavation: 2009, 2019 – unfinished

Description of the structure: Retaining wall to the south of the Nyuserre valley temple, it is possible that it also represents a part of the architecture of the harbour to the east of the temple, Fifth Dynasty. Secondary burials present – dating due to the fact that no funeral equipment was found with the deceased is not possible, perhaps it is a very late dating.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí 2011b: 513–520; the 2019 excavation not yet published.

 

AC 28

Excavation: 2009

Description of the structure: Causeway of the Nyuserre’s pyramid complex, trench in the area of the crown and the northern outer wall of the embankment of the causeway; in the upper one third of the length of the ascending road.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí 2011b: 520–524.

 

AC 29

Excavation: 2013

Description of the structure: Mastaba of “count” Kakaibaef, the second most northern tomb in the Nakhtsare’s cemetery, limestone tomb with core masonry of mediocre quality with large-scaled usage of pottery, in front of the tomb, there are low mud-brick walls, Fifth Dynasty, secondary burials from the First Millennium BC.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí 2013; Krejčí 2018; Arias 2019c; Krejčí 2019e.

 

AC 30

Excavation: 2014

Description of the structure: Tomb located to the south of AC 29, the Nakhtsare’s cemetery, the belonged to Queen Khentkaus III (?), limestone tomb with core masonry of mediocre quality with large-scaled usage of pottery, in front of the tomb, there are low mud-brick walls, Fifth Dynasty, secondary burials from the First Millenium BC.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí et al. 2015; Krejčí 2019b; Krejčí 2019e.

 

AC 31

Excavation: 2016

Description of the structure: The southernmost mastaba in Nakhtsare’s cemetery, limestone tomb with core masonry of mediocre quality with large-scaled usage of pottery, the name of its female owner was detected, in front of the tomb, there are low mud-brick walls, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí 2016; Arias 2019f; Krejčí 2019e; Krejčí 2019h; Krejčí 2019g; Krejčí 2019l; Odler 2019d.

 

AC 32 (T)

Excavation: 2009

Description of the structure: Small mud brick tombs from the Sixth Dynasty, built along the south and east wing of the enclosure wall of AC 26, end of the Sixth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Krejčí et al. 2014: 60–64.

 

AC 33

Excavation: 2018

Description of the structure: Large limestone mastaba of overseer of all works of the king Kairsu built to the north of Neferirkare’s pyramid, extraordinary is, for a non-royal tomb, a large-scaled use of basalt for the architecture of the entrance and the major cult chapel; archaic features in the architecture, three burial apartments built by mud bricks, Fifth Dynasty.

Selected bibliography: Bárta et al. 2020.

 

AC 34

Excavation: its southern outer wall was revealed when excavating the area to the north of Entrance rooms of AC 33 in 2018, so far unexcavated

Description of the structure: A small tomb located to the north-east of AC 33.

Selected bibliography: unpublished.